Format a vector of numeric or duration values as styled time duration strings
Source:R/format_vec.R
vec_fmt_duration.Rd
Format input values to time duration values whether those input values are
numbers or of the difftime
class. We can specify which time units any
numeric input values have (as weeks, days, hours, minutes, or seconds) and
the output can be customized with a duration style (corresponding to narrow,
wide, colon-separated, and ISO forms) and a choice of output units ranging
from weeks to seconds.
Usage
vec_fmt_duration(
x,
input_units = NULL,
output_units = NULL,
duration_style = c("narrow", "wide", "colon-sep", "iso"),
trim_zero_units = TRUE,
max_output_units = NULL,
pattern = "{x}",
use_seps = TRUE,
sep_mark = ",",
force_sign = FALSE,
locale = NULL,
output = c("auto", "plain", "html", "latex", "rtf", "word")
)
Arguments
- x
A numeric vector.
- input_units
If one or more selected columns contains numeric values, a keyword must be provided for
input_units
for gt to determine how those values are to be interpreted in terms of duration. The accepted units are:"seconds"
,"minutes"
,"hours"
,"days"
, and"weeks"
.- output_units
Controls the output time units. The default,
NULL
, means that gt will automatically choose time units based on the input duration value. To control which time units are to be considered for output (before trimming withtrim_zero_units
) we can specify a vector of one or more of the following keywords:"weeks"
,"days"
,"hours"
,"minutes"
, or"seconds"
.- duration_style
A choice of four formatting styles for the output duration values. With
"narrow"
(the default style), duration values will be formatted with single letter time-part units (e.g., 1.35 days will be styled as"1d 8h 24m
). With"wide"
, this example value will be expanded to"1 day 8 hours 24 minutes"
after formatting. The"colon-sep"
style will put days, hours, minutes, and seconds in the"([D]/)[HH]:[MM]:[SS]"
format. The"iso"
style will produce a value that conforms to the ISO 8601 rules for duration values (e.g., 1.35 days will become"P1DT8H24M"
).- trim_zero_units
Provides methods to remove output time units that have zero values. By default this is
TRUE
and duration values that might otherwise be formatted as"0w 1d 0h 4m 19s"
withtrim_zero_units = FALSE
are instead displayed as"1d 4m 19s"
. Aside from usingTRUE
/FALSE
we could provide a vector of keywords for more precise control. These keywords are: (1)"leading"
, to omit all leading zero-value time units (e.g.,"0w 1d"
->"1d"
), (2)"trailing"
, to omit all trailing zero-value time units (e.g.,"3d 5h 0s"
->"3d 5h"
), and"internal"
, which removes all internal zero-value time units (e.g.,"5d 0h 33m"
->"5d 33m"
).- max_output_units
If
output_units
isNULL
, where the output time units are unspecified and left to gt to handle, a numeric value provided formax_output_units
will be taken as the maximum number of time units to display in all output time duration values. By default, this isNULL
and all possible time units will be displayed. This option has no effect whenduration_style = "colon-sep"
(onlyoutput_units
can be used to customize that type of duration output).- pattern
A formatting pattern that allows for decoration of the formatted value. The value itself is represented by
{x}
and all other characters are taken to be string literals.- use_seps
An option to use digit group separators. The type of digit group separator is set by
sep_mark
and overridden if a locale ID is provided tolocale
. This setting isTRUE
by default.- sep_mark
The mark to use as a separator between groups of digits (e.g., using
sep_mark = ","
with1000
would result in a formatted value of1,000
).- force_sign
Should the positive sign be shown for positive values (effectively showing a sign for all values except zero)? If so, use
TRUE
for this option. The default isFALSE
, where only negative value will display a minus sign.- locale
An optional locale ID that can be used for formatting the value according the locale's rules. Examples include
"en"
for English (United States) and"fr"
for French (France). The use of a valid locale ID will override any values provided insep_mark
anddec_mark
. We can use theinfo_locales()
function as a useful reference for all of the locales that are supported.- output
The output style of the resulting character vector. This can either be
"auto"
(the default),"plain"
,"html"
,"latex"
,"rtf"
, or"word"
. In knitr rendering (i.e., Quarto or R Markdown), the"auto"
option will choose the correctoutput
value
Output units for the colon-separated duration style
The colon-separated duration style (enabled when
duration_style = "colon-sep"
) is essentially a clock-based output format
which uses the display logic of chronograph watch functionality. It will, by
default, display duration values in the (D/)HH:MM:SS
format. Any duration
values greater than or equal to 24 hours will have the number of days
prepended with an adjoining slash mark. While this output format is
versatile, it can be changed somewhat with the output_units
option. The
following combinations of output units are permitted:
c("minutes", "seconds")
->MM:SS
c("hours", "minutes")
->HH:MM
c("hours", "minutes", "seconds")
->HH:MM:SS
c("days", "hours", "minutes")
->(D/)HH:MM
Any other specialized combinations will result in the default set being used,
which is c("days", "hours", "minutes", "seconds")
Examples
Let's create a difftime
-based vector for the next few examples:
difftimes <-
difftime(
lubridate::ymd("2017-01-15"),
lubridate::ymd(c("2015-06-25", "2016-03-07", "2017-01-10"))
)
Using vec_fmt_duration()
with its defaults provides us with a succinct
vector of formatted durations.
vec_fmt_duration(difftimes)
We can elect to use just only the time units of days to describe the duration values.
vec_fmt_duration(difftimes, output_units = "days")
We can also use numeric values in the input vector vec_fmt_duration()
.
Here's a numeric vector for use with examples:
num_vals <- c(3.235, 0.23, 0.005, NA)
The necessary thing with numeric values as an input is defining what time unit those values have.
vec_fmt_duration(num_vals, input_units = "days")
We can define a set of output time units that we want to see.
vec_fmt_duration(
num_vals,
input_units = "days",
output_units = c("hours", "minutes")
)
There are many duration 'styles' to choose from. We could opt for the
"wide"
style.
vec_fmt_duration(
num_vals,
input_units = "days",
duration_style = "wide"
)
#> [1] "3 days 5 hours 38 minutes 23 seconds"
#> [2] "5 hours 31 minutes 12 seconds"
#> [3] "7 minutes 12 seconds"
#> [4] "NA"
We can always perform locale-specific formatting with vec_fmt_duration()
.
Let's attempt the same type of duration formatting as before with the "nl"
locale.
vec_fmt_duration(
num_vals,
input_units = "days",
duration_style = "wide",
locale = "nl"
)
See also
Other vector formatting functions:
vec_fmt_bytes()
,
vec_fmt_currency()
,
vec_fmt_datetime()
,
vec_fmt_date()
,
vec_fmt_engineering()
,
vec_fmt_fraction()
,
vec_fmt_integer()
,
vec_fmt_markdown()
,
vec_fmt_number()
,
vec_fmt_partsper()
,
vec_fmt_percent()
,
vec_fmt_roman()
,
vec_fmt_scientific()
,
vec_fmt_time()